2021年高二英語重要語法知識(shí)歸納

學(xué)習(xí)確實(shí)是一個(gè)堅(jiān)持不懈的過程，所以在整個(gè)過程中走走停停是很難成就的，只有堅(jiān)持不斷的努力，才能夠讓知識(shí)點(diǎn)鞏固的更加扎實(shí)。不管是什么樣的學(xué)科，在學(xué)習(xí)的過程中，大家一定要努力，尤其在高二年級(jí)學(xué)習(xí)英語知識(shí)更是關(guān)鍵。針對(duì)于高二英語的一些重要語法知識(shí)，今天做了總結(jié)歸納來一起學(xué)習(xí)。

【一】

Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.

Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company …..

Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.

Exhausted, I slid into the bed and fell fast asleep.

過去分詞作狀語：過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況，其等同于一個(gè)狀語從句。vt 過去分詞作狀語時(shí)與主句主語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示被動(dòng)和完成，vi 過去分詞表示狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作的完成。

Heated , water changes into steam .

The professor came in, followed by a group of young people .

1 作原因狀語，等于as / since / because 引導(dǎo)從句

Moved by what she said ,we couldn’t help crying . = ( As we are moved by what she said …

2 作時(shí)間狀語，等于when 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間從句，如果分詞表示的動(dòng)作與謂語的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，可在分詞前加when/ while / until 等使時(shí)間意義更明確。

When heated , water can be changed into steam .

Seen from the hill ,the park looks very beautiful .= ( When the park is seen from the hill…

3 作條件狀語等于 if / whether 引導(dǎo)從句

Given more attention , the cabbages could have grown better .= ( If they have been given more attention ….

Compared with you , we still have a long way to go = ( If we are compared with you

4 作方式或伴隨狀語

The actress came in , followed by her fans .

She sat by the window , lost in thought .

5 作讓步狀語

Much tired ,he still kept on working .=(Although he was tired ,) he ….

6 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)： 當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語不是主句主語時(shí)，分詞可以有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。常用來表示伴隨情況。

The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat .

All things considered ,your article is of great value than hers .

Rewrite with proper conjunctions

Example : United we stand, divided we fall.

If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divided,we will fall.

1 Asked what had happened, he told us about it.

→When he was asked what had happened, …

2 Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.

→Because he was well known for his expert advice, …

3 Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.

If we were given more time,

4 Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.

Once it was translated into Chinese,

5 Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.

Because she was deeply interested in medicine,

6 Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.

Although he was left alone at home,

現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作狀語

現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，與其邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，;而過去分詞與其邏輯主語之間則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

Seeing these pictures, I couldn’t help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing . Seen from the top of a thirty-storeyed building, Beijing looks more magnificent. (see)

選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。如分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語發(fā)出，分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之就用過去分詞。例如：

Used for a long time, the book looks old.

由于用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，這本書看上去很舊。

Using the book, I find it useful.

在使用的過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用

注意:1.系表示主語所處的狀態(tài)

_____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. ( lose)

______ in white, she looks more beautiful.( dress)

be lost in

be dressed in

be interested in

be devoted to

be supposed to? be caught in the rain

be seated in

be prepared for

be determined to

2.不與主語保持一致的固定結(jié)構(gòu)

generally speaking　一般說來

strictly/ frankly speaking 嚴(yán)格地說/坦白地說

judging from 從…判斷

all things considered 從整體來看

taking all things into consideration　全面看來

例如：Judging from his face, he must be ill.從他的臉色看，他一定是病了。

Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.

總的來說，狗比豬跑得快。 (speaking 不是dogs 的動(dòng)作)

Practice

1. Complete each sentences using the P.P. of the right verb.

build frighten trap follow shoot see examine

1 ________ by noises in the night, the girl no longer dared to sleep in her room.

2 The lady returned home, ________ by two policemen.

3 After having been _________ carefully, the room was locked again.

4.______ in 1949, the exhibition hall is over 50 years old.

5 _____ from a distance, the Opera House looks like ship sails.

6 If _____ in a burning building, you should send for help.

7 Although ______ in the leg, he continued firing at the police.

【二】

一、不定式做主語：

1、不定式做主語一般表示具體的某次動(dòng)作。===動(dòng)名詞doing 表示習(xí)慣的，經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作。

e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.

To do such things is foolish.

To see is to believe. (對(duì)等)

注: 1). 不定式作主語時(shí),謂語用單數(shù)

2). 當(dāng)主語較長(zhǎng)，謂語較短時(shí)，常用it做形式主語，而將不定式放到謂語的后面。

it做形式主語，不定式放在謂語動(dòng)詞之后常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：

(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…

(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…

It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary

(3) it is +a +名詞+ to do...

It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do

It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…

It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…

*注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表語，但possible可以用不定式作真實(shí)主語， 而probable不能用不定式作真實(shí)主語。

It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(錯(cuò))

It is possible for him to come to the meeting.

It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.

二、不定式做表語

主語是以aim duty hope idea intention plan job suggestion wish purpose task 等為中心詞的名詞詞組 或以 what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句表示，后面的不定式說明其內(nèi)容, 不定式作表語常表示將來或現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

eg :My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.

Your mistake was not to write that letter.

What I would suggest is to start work at once.

三 、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語

以不定式結(jié)構(gòu)為賓語的動(dòng)詞有：

ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等只能用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語

口訣(接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞)

想要學(xué)習(xí) 早打算( want learn plan)

快準(zhǔn)備 有希望( prepare hope wish expect)

同意否 供選擇(agree offer choose)

決定了 已答應(yīng)(decide be determined promise)

盡力去 著手做(manage undertake)

別拒絕 別假裝(refuse pretend)

失敗不是屬于你(fail)

e.g.Tom refused to lend me his pen.

We hope to get there before dark.

英語的知識(shí)難點(diǎn)是非常多的，尤其在進(jìn)入高二階段以后，這一年也是特別的關(guān)鍵，所以要想把英語的知識(shí)學(xué)好學(xué)扎實(shí)，平時(shí)一定要付出更多的努力，不僅需要背單詞，而且一些語法的知識(shí)也需要完全掌握。