初三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)提綱：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理

初三英語(yǔ)是非常關(guān)鍵的一年，所以在初三階段想要把英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)好，一定要掌握一些重點(diǎn)的復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)，今天就在大家一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)一下初三英語(yǔ)的復(fù)習(xí)提綱，希望在學(xué)習(xí)以后大家做好相關(guān)的筆記，這樣對(duì)復(fù)習(xí)才會(huì)更有效果。

1.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)是：感官動(dòng)詞后不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法;一些特殊動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)不帶to，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)就要帶to;有些動(dòng)詞既可接不定式也可接動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，但表達(dá)的意思不同。這些都是歷年中考的重點(diǎn)。

(1)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞指的是在句中起名詞，形容詞或副詞作用的動(dòng)詞形式，而不是作謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞形式。 動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式分為動(dòng)名詞，分詞，動(dòng)詞不定式。

(2)不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

Father will not allow us to play on the street.

(3)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)

He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.

(4)用不定式和分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)都可以的動(dòng)詞

這樣的動(dòng)詞有感官動(dòng)詞如：see, hear, look, notice, observe, feel等，使役動(dòng)詞如：have, make, leave, keep, get等。接不定式表示動(dòng)作的完整性，真實(shí)性;+doing 表示動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性，進(jìn)行性。

I saw him work in the garden yesterday.

昨天我看見他在花園里干活了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)"我看見了"這個(gè)事實(shí))

I saw him working in the garden yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)"我見他正干活"這個(gè)動(dòng)作)

昨天我見他正在花園里干活。

(5)用不帶to不定式的情況

使役動(dòng)詞如： let, have, make等和感官動(dòng)詞如： see, watch, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作賓補(bǔ)，省略to。在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中則to不能省掉。

(6)接動(dòng)名詞與不定式意義不同

1) stop to do　停止，中斷做某事后去做另一件事。

stop doing　停止做某事。

2) forget to do　忘記要去做某事。　(未做)

forget doing　忘記做過(guò)某事。　　(已做)

3) remember to do 記得去做某事　　　　 (未做)

remember doing　記得做過(guò)某事　　　 (已做)

4) try to do　　努力，企圖做某事。

try doing　 試驗(yàn)，試著做某事。

5) go on to do　做了一件事后，接著做另一件事。

go on doing　 繼續(xù)做原來(lái)做的事。

6) mean to do　 打算、想

mean doing　意味著

2. 容易混淆的常用動(dòng)詞的辨析

(1) say, speak, talk, tell的用法。

1) say表示講話，作為及物動(dòng)詞使用，后跟賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)從句。

He said he would go there.

It's time to leave. We have to say goodbye to you.

2)speak表示“講話”，一般作為不及物動(dòng)詞使用，而有時(shí)作為及物動(dòng)詞后面跟上各種語(yǔ)言作為賓語(yǔ)。

Do you speak English?

May I speak to Mr Pope, please?

3) talk表示“談話”，是不及物動(dòng)詞，與to , about, with等連用，才可以接賓語(yǔ)。

What are you talking about?

Mr Jackson is talking with my father in the office now.

4) tell 表示“告訴，講述”是及物動(dòng)詞，可以帶雙賓語(yǔ)或復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。

She told us an interesting story yesterday.

My teacher told me that we would have an English exam the next month.

(2) look, see, watch和watch的用法。

1) look強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”這個(gè)動(dòng)作，是不及物動(dòng)詞，常與at連用，然后接賓語(yǔ)。

Look! The girl is swimming in the lake.

Look at the picture carefully. Can you find something unusual?

2) see 指“看見”某物，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是結(jié)果。

They can't see the words on the blackboard.

Does Lily often go to see a film on Sunday?

3) watch 指的是“觀看”，“注視”之意。

The twins are watching TV now.

He will go to watch a volleyball match.

4) read指“看書”、“看報(bào)”、“閱讀”之意。

Don't read in the sun.

I like to read newspapers when I am free.

(3) borrow, lend和keep的區(qū)別。

1) borrow意思為“借入”，常常與from連用，是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示瞬間即能完成的動(dòng)作。

Meimei borrowed a book from the library just now.

May I borrow your dictionary?

2) lend 是“借出”之意，常常與to連用，同borrow一樣，是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，只表示瞬間即能完成的動(dòng)作。

Uncle Wany has lent his car to Mr Li.

Could you lend us your radio, please?

3) keep是“保存”的意思，動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)。

How long can the recorder be kept?

The farmer kept the pat for two weeks.

(4) bring, take, carry 和get的用法。

1) bring意思為“拿來(lái)”、“帶來(lái)”。指將某物或某人從別處“帶來(lái)”。

Bring me the book, please.

May I bring Jim to see you next Saturday?

2) take意思是“拿走”，“帶走”，把某物或某人從這里“帶來(lái)”或“拿到”某處之意。

It looks like rain. Take a raincoat with you.

Mother took the little girl to the next room.

3) carry 是“帶著、搬運(yùn)、攜帶”的意思，指隨身攜帶，有背著、扛著、抱著、提著的含義，不表明來(lái)去的方向。

Do you always carry a handbag?

The box is heavy. Can you carry it?

4) get是去某處將某物拿回來(lái)。

Please go to my office to get some chalk.

There is no water in the bottle. Why not get some?

(5) wear, put on和dress的區(qū)別

1) wear是“穿著”“戴著”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首飾等，強(qiáng)調(diào)“穿著”的狀態(tài)。

Tom always wears black shoes.

He wears a raincoat even when it is fine.

She doesn't like to wear a red flowers in her hair.

2) put on是“穿上”“戴上”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽等。著重于穿戴的動(dòng)作。

It's cold. You'd better put on your coat.

He put on his hat and went out of the room.

3) dress可以作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞，有“穿著”“打扮”的意思。作“穿著”解時(shí)，只用于穿衣服，不用于穿鞋、戴帽、戴手套。作為及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，它的賓語(yǔ)是人，不是衣服。dress sb. (給某人穿衣服)，而wear作“穿著”用時(shí)，也是及物動(dòng)詞，但它的賓語(yǔ)是物，不是人，即wear sth.(穿著衣物)。

She always dresses well.

Get up and dress quickly.

Mary is dressing her child.

(6) take, spend 和use的用法。

1) take指做某事用多少時(shí)間，句型是：It takes/took/ will take + sb. +some time + to do sth.

It took me three days to finish the work.

It will take you a while week to travel thought the forest.

It takes only one hour to fly to Shanghai.

2) spend指某人在某事(物)上花費(fèi)時(shí)間或錢。句型是：

Someone spends + money/time + on something(in) doing sth.

She spent more than 500 yuan on that coat.

He didn't spend much time on his lessons.

He spent much time (in) correcting students' exercises.

Mother spent her evenings (in) washing clothes.

3) use表示使用工具、手段等。

Do you know how to use the computer?

Shall we use your car?

(7)reach, get 和arrive的區(qū)別。

1) reach是及物動(dòng)詞，后面要直接跟表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作賓語(yǔ)。

After the train had left, they reached the station

We reached the top of the mountain at last.

2) get是不及動(dòng)詞，常與to連用，再接名詞，后面接表示地點(diǎn)的副詞時(shí)，不用to，get to常用于口語(yǔ)中。

When the students got to the cinema, the film had begun.

My sister was cooking when mother got home.

3) arrive是不及物動(dòng)詞，表示到達(dá)一個(gè)小地方時(shí)，用arrive at, 到達(dá)一個(gè)大地方時(shí)用arrive in。

The soldiers arrived at a small village

The foreigners will arrive in Shanghai tomorrow.

通過(guò)以上知識(shí)點(diǎn)的學(xué)習(xí)，大家在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候一定要多讀，而且要掌握一定的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和單詞量，這樣才能夠在后期學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中越來(lái)越輕松。