高二英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)：Women of achievement

重點(diǎn)詞匯

1. achieve

【課文原句】She has achieved everything she wanted to do… (P3)

【點(diǎn)撥】achieve v. 意為“完成;達(dá)到”，指經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期努力而達(dá)到某目標(biāo)、地位或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等。其名詞形式為achievement，意為“成就;功績(jī)”，a sense of achievement可指“成就感”。如：

He had finally achieved success.

Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.

2. condition

【課文原句】She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. (P1)

【點(diǎn)撥】condition 意為“環(huán)境;境況;條件”時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式conditions;意為“狀態(tài);狀況”時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞，be in good condition表示“處于良好的狀態(tài)”，be out of condition表示“健康狀況不佳”。如：

We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions.

The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.

My car is old but in good condition.

He is overweight and out of condition.

【知識(shí)拓展】condition意為“條件”時(shí)，常用短語(yǔ)on condition that，表示“如果;在……條件下”;在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中，也經(jīng)常用under the condition that。如：

I will come on condition that Peter is invited.

They agreed under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.

3. devote

【課文原句】She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. (P1)

【點(diǎn)撥】devote vt. 意為“投入于;獻(xiàn)身”，其賓語(yǔ)后常與介詞to搭配，to后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。devote … to … 意為“獻(xiàn)身;致力于”，指把自己、時(shí)間、精力等奉獻(xiàn)給某種工作或事業(yè)。如：

He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.

The girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance.

After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.

4. behave

【課文原句】Jane has studied these animals for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. (P2)

【點(diǎn)撥】behave vi & vt. 意為“舉動(dòng);舉止;行為表現(xiàn)”，如behave well / badly等。其名詞形式為behaviour，指“行為;態(tài)度;舉止”。如：

The parents encouraged the children to behave well in front of the guests.

My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired.

Everyone praises the children's good behaviour.

5. worthwhile

【課文原句】But the evening makes it all worthwhile. (P2)

【點(diǎn)撥】worthwhile adj.意為“值得做的;值得出力的”，可作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示“值得做……”，在動(dòng)詞-ing形式的結(jié)構(gòu)中，worthwhile有時(shí)可以用來(lái)替代worth，特別是在表示“值得花時(shí)間”這一概念時(shí)。如：

I think teaching school is always a worthwhile job.

The book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth reading.

6. observe

【課文原句】Jane spent many years observing and recording their daily activities. (P2)

【點(diǎn)撥】observe vt. 意為“觀察;觀測(cè);遵守”，可用observe sb do sth，observe + that從句。其名詞形式為observation。如：

I observed the man who murdered the boy enter the shop.

He observed that we should probably have rain.

Most information was collected by direct observation of the animals’ behaviour.

7. argue

【課文原句】She has argued for them to be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. (P2)

【點(diǎn)撥】argue作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“爭(zhēng)論;爭(zhēng)吵;爭(zhēng)辯”。argue for意為“為……辯護(hù)”;argue with sb about / over sth指“就某事和某人爭(zhēng)論”;argue against意為“據(jù)理反對(duì);爭(zhēng)辯……”。如：

It is no use arguing for the plan because it has been rejected.

We are always arguing with each other about money.

Father argued fiercely against any increase in expenditure for the children’s annual party.

【知識(shí)拓展】argue的名詞形式為argument，意為“爭(zhēng)論;爭(zhēng)端;論證”，常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)settle an argument指“解決爭(zhēng)端”。