來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò) 時(shí)間:2021-06-23
要想把英語(yǔ)學(xué)好,其實(shí)英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)是特別重要的,也是特別關(guān)鍵的,所以今天給大家總結(jié)了英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí):形容詞和副詞的運(yùn)用,大家在學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候一定要做好相關(guān)的筆記,來(lái)讓復(fù)習(xí)更有效果。
形容詞和副詞
一、形容詞的用法:形容詞修飾名詞,說(shuō)明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征。也可以放在聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞后面作表語(yǔ)。
1.直接說(shuō)明事物的性質(zhì)或特征的形容詞是性質(zhì)形容詞,它有級(jí)的變化,可以用程度副詞修飾,在句中可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。
That’s a heavy box.(定語(yǔ)) He’s very happy to come here.(表語(yǔ))
The good news made me very happy.(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))
2.有些形容詞是表語(yǔ)形容詞。這類(lèi)形容詞沒(méi)有級(jí)的變化,也不可用程度副詞修飾。例如:afraid 害怕的 alone單獨(dú),獨(dú)自 asleep睡著的 ill生病的。
He is an ill man. (錯(cuò)) The man is ill. (對(duì))
She is an afraid girl.(錯(cuò)) The girl is afraid. (對(duì))
這類(lèi)形容詞還有: well,(身體)好的unwell(身體)不舒適的, alike相象的,alive活著的, awake醒著的等。
3.形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí),要放在名詞的前邊。但是如果形容詞修飾something, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody 等不定代詞時(shí),要放在這些詞之后,例如:something nice
1.)4.形容詞使用中應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:
1)大部分形容詞加-ly可構(gòu)成副詞。但 friendly友好的,lovely可愛(ài)的,lonely孤單的,
lively熱鬧的,有生氣的,活潑的,等仍為形容詞。
She sang lovely. (錯(cuò)) ------ Her singing was lovely. (對(duì))
He spoke to me very friendly.(錯(cuò))------ He spoke to me in a very friendly way. -(對(duì))
* politely, truly, terribly
2)某些形容詞加上定冠詞可以泛指一類(lèi)人,與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的復(fù)數(shù)連接。如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry 如:The poor are losing hope.
3)有關(guān)國(guó)家和民族的形容詞加上定冠詞指這個(gè)民族的整體,與動(dòng)詞的復(fù)數(shù)連用。
the British,the English,the French,the Chinese.
The English have wonderful sense of humor.
4.)多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí),其順序?yàn)椋?/p>
限定詞--數(shù)詞--描繪詞--(大小,長(zhǎng)短,形狀,新舊,顏色) --出處--材料性質(zhì),類(lèi)別--名詞
a small round table a dirty old brown shirt
a tall gray building a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car
典型例題:
1)Tony is going camping with ___ boys.
A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two
答案:C。由"限定詞--數(shù)詞--描繪詞--(大小,長(zhǎng)短,形狀,新舊,顏色) --性質(zhì)--名詞"的公式可知數(shù)詞,描繪詞,性質(zhì)依次順序,只有C符合答案。
2)One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.
A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old
答案A. 幾個(gè)形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞,他們的排列順序是:年齡,形狀,大小+顏色+來(lái)源+質(zhì)地+用途+國(guó)家+名詞。
3) ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao?
---- It was great. We visited some friends,and spent the ___days at the seaside.
A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last
答案:B。本題考查多個(gè)形容詞的排序問(wèn)題。一般與被修飾形容詞關(guān)系密切的形容詞靠近名詞;如果幾個(gè)形容詞的重要性差不多,音節(jié)少的形容詞在前,音節(jié)多的放在后,在不能確定時(shí),可參照下表:
限定詞+數(shù)量詞(序數(shù)詞在前,基數(shù)詞在后)+性狀形容詞+大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低等形體+
those + three + beautiful + large + square
新舊+顏色+國(guó)籍+材料+名詞old + brown + wood + table
語(yǔ)法的知識(shí)是特別關(guān)鍵的,所以在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候也要掌握一定的學(xué)習(xí)技巧,這樣才能夠讓英語(yǔ)的成績(jī)有所提高。