初二英語（八年級）上冊期末知識點歸納（3）

第三部分．詞語辨析

1.參加take part in/be in/ join in+活動  參加活動 take part in the long jump

join the school rowing club加入組織

be/play for/against sth支持/反對某人 /某事

效力They both play for the Houston Rockets in the NBA. 反義詞play againt對陣

2.花費

人+spend some time/money on sth/in doing sth

花費時間或者金錢在某事上/做某事

人+pay some money for sth

物+cost/ take help sb (to) do something=do sb. a favor=give sb a hand

3.到達(dá)reach/ get to/arrive in/at+地點， in為大地點，in Beijing,  at為小地點 at home

4.著名be famous for  China is famous for the Great Wall. 因。。。而聞名

be famous as  Chongqing is famous as the Moutain City.稱之為，美譽

5.like動詞喜歡feel like doing sth 喜歡做某事

like介詞像look like看起來像 sound like聽起來像 smell like聞起來像, taste like嘗起來像.

6.看look look up a word in a dictionary查單詞

look like看起來像, look at看一看, look for尋找, look over檢查, look after

7.借I can lend you some tapes of her songs. 主語借出

We often borrow books from the library.主語借進(jìn)

Can I borrow your bike?我能借你的自行車嗎？=Can you lend me your bike?=Can you lend your bike to me? 你可以借你的車給我嗎？

8.照顧動詞care for the patients 照顧病人，名詞take care of sb/oneself,

形容詞Be careful當(dāng)心（反）careless

9. 猜測Collecting stamps must be great fun. 收集郵票想必很有趣。

類似事實Collecting stamps is fun. 收集郵票很有趣.

10．能夠be able to+ 動詞原形 can+動詞原形

11. close形容詞They are close friends親密的朋友.動詞Close the door.關(guān)門

cover 名詞蓋子，動詞覆蓋

12. enough have enough food/rice/money/books（名詞）

He is not tall（形容詞）enough to reach the fan.=He is too short to reach the fan(夠得著風(fēng)扇). cold/warm/big/small+enough足夠冷/暖/大/小

13.介詞for 與to(有不定式就用for, 無則用to)

Rainforests/Plants and animals are important/usful/necessaryto us.

Water is important to us. Water is very important for us to live.

Water is necessary to us. It’s necessary for us to learn English.

be helpful in doing sth在某方面有幫助, be helpful to do sth

抽象名詞

Some stamps are of great value=Some stamps are very valuable.

This meeting is of great importance=This meeting is very important.

Computers are of great use=Computers are very useful.

14live 動詞居住，第三人稱單數(shù)lives

live 形容詞， 活的, live models 真人模特

life 名詞， 生命， 復(fù)數(shù)lives

15keep him active/healthy, keep the classroom clean, keep the thief waiting and standing outside,keep trying

16.help sb with sth在某方面幫助某人The Internet can help us to do a lot of things.

help名詞with the help of Jane=with Jane’s help 反義詞without

17. plan名詞the plans for this year/next week

動詞How do you plan to celebrate it?=How are you going to celebrate it?

18.exciting, excited, interesting, interested, tiring, tired(說人用ing, 形容物用ed)

The movie was very exciting. People are excited.an exciting movie

The stories are very interesting. He is very interested in it.an interesting story

The job is tiring. She is very tired of it. You have a tiring job.

19.change my clothes換我的衣服, 名詞a change in the old city walls，need a change

let me out/in（副詞）讓我出去/進(jìn)來，let me sing/cry（動詞）讓我唱/哭

20.代替 instead of+n./pron.賓格/Ving代替，而不是

 instead 副詞， 可以單獨使用位于句首和句末做狀語

 take the place of +名詞/代詞